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Åð µß ¬r ¯À | Åð µß ºØ Ãþ | °ò ½è | Àã «× | ·Å «× |
Afloatoxin
¶ÀÄT¬r¯À |
Aspergillus flavus
Aspergilus parasiticus |
¥É¦Ì¡Bªá¥Í
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80-85¢H | 24-35¢J |
Ochratoxin
»®ÄT¬r¯À |
Aspergillus ochraceus
Penicillum viridicatum |
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¥É¦Ì |
81¢H | 4-24¢J |
Doexynivalenol | Fusarium roseum | ¤p³Á¡B¥É¦Ì | ¥¼«Ø¥ß | §C©ó21¢J |
Zearalenone | Fusarium roseum | ¤p³Á¡B¥É¦Ì | EMC 24-26¢H | °ª©ó12-14¢J |
T-2 toxin | Fusarium tricinctum | ¥É¦Ì¡B¤j³Á
°ª±ç¡B¤p³Á |
EMC 22-26¢H | 8-15¢J |
µù¡GEMC¥Nªí¥¿Å¤ô¥÷¿@«× |
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Fritz et al. (1973)©MSharby et al. (1973)«ü¥X¥HµoÅð¥É¦Ì¢w¢w¤j¨§¯»¬°¤é³²Õ¦¨¡AÁý¹}Âû°¦¡Aµ²ªGµo²{¦³¨Ç¨ã¦³¨ë¿E¥Íªøªº§@¥Î¡A¦ý¤j³¡¥÷§¡³y¦¨¥Íªø§í¨î²{¶H¡CµoÅð®Æ¤¤µo²{¤§Åðµß¦³Aspergillus niger¡AA. repens¡AA. ruber¡APenicillum cyclopium¡ATrichoderma viride¡A¨ä¤¤A. ochaceus¥iPÁxÅn¸~¤j¡A¦ÓFusarium moniliforme·|²£¥Íthiaminase¡CChistersen and Kaufman (1965)³ø§i«ü¥XÅðµß²£¥Í¤§¸Ñ¯×úA¡A¥i±N½\ª«¯×ªÕ¤À¸Ñ¬°´åÂ÷¯×ªÕ»Ä¡A¨Ã¥H¦¹¬°¯à¶q¨Ó·½¡C Tabib et al. (1981)¦Û¤õÂû³õ¡B¦×Âû³õ¤Î³JÂû³õ¤§¹}®Æ¤¤±Ä¼Ë¡AÀˬd¨ä¤ô¤À§t¶q¬°10.59-17.40¢H¡A¦ÓÅðµß¼Æ¦b5-120¸UÓ¡þgm¤§¶¡¡C¥Ñ³ø§i¤¤«ü¥X¹}®Æ¸g¥´²É³B²zÅðµß¼Æ¤Î¤j¸z±ìµß¼Æ§¡¸û§C¡A¦ý¥´²É«á¹}®Æ©ö¬°Åðµß©Ò§Q¥Î(Jores et al., 1982)¡CRichardson et al. (1962)¥HµoÅð¶À¨§¯»Áý¤©ÂúÂû®É¡A¦³¥Íªø§í¨î²{¶H¡A²K¥[Â÷Ói»Ä¥i¥[¥H§ïµ½¡C Bartov et al. (1982)µo²{µoÅð¥É¦Ì¤Î°ª±ç©Ò§t¯×ªÕ¶qÅãµÛ´î¤Ö¡C½\ª«¥]¬A¥þ²É©Î¯»¸HªÌ¡A¨äªì©l¤ô¤À§t¶q12.1¡ã13¢H¡C©Î¸g¥[¤ô¨Ï¤ô¤À´£°ª¨ì15.0¢H¸g¶JÂÃ63¡ã69¤Ñ«á¡Aµ²ªG¯»¸H«á¤§µoÅð´ßª«¨ä¯×ªÕ§t¶q»P¥NÁ¯àȧ¡¤U°¡AÂû°¦¥Íªø©Ê¯àÅÜ®t¡C¨ä¥L¤§¬ã¨s¥ç«ü¥X¹}®Æ¥¼²K¥[§íÅ𾯮ɡA¸g40¤Ñ¶JÂáA¨ä¯×ªÕ§t¶q.(Bartov and Paster, 1986)©MJÅÚ½³¯À§t¶q(Nahm and Nahm,1988)§¡°§C¡C¥Ñ¦¹¥iª¾¡AµoÅð½\ª«¨ä¯à¶q§t¶q¤U°¡A¬G°t¤è®É¶·´£°ªªo¯×¤§¥Î¶q¡A³y¦¨¦¨¥»ªº´£°ª¡A¦P®ÉY¦³¬r¯À§Î¦¨®É¡A¹ï¥Íªø©Ê¯à¤§¼vÅT¡A§ó¤£®e©¿µø¡C Adams and Tuite (1976)¬ã¨s«ü¥X¥É¦Ì¨üGiberellaÄÝÅðµß¯}Ãa®É¡A·|ÅãµÛ°§C²£³J¶q¤Î¹}®Æ®ø¯Ó¶q¡CBeasley et al. (1980)¥çµo²{¥É¦Ì±µºØPenicillum lanosum«áÁý¤©Âû°¦¡A¦³¤Uµg¤Î¥ÍªøÅܽwµ¥²{¶H¡CµoÅð¥É¦ÌÁý¤©½Þ°¦¥ç¥i¨£¥ÍªøÅÜ®t(Young et al., 1981)¡CSmith et al. (1976)«ü¥X¥Í¦¨¶ÀÄT¬r¯Àªº¥Dnì¦]¬°¥É¦ÌܶJ¤£¨}©ÒP¡A¥B¶ÀÄT¬r¯À¯g¤§µo¥Í¥ç¦³¦~«×¤Î©u¸`Åܲ§¦s¦b¡CRussell et al. (1991)½Õ¬d¬ü°ê82®a¹}®Æ¼t¡Aµo²{¥É¦Ì¥§¡§tÅðµßÌU¤l¼Æ¬°2.63¡Ñ104Ó¡þgm¡A¥HFusarium sp.³Ì±`¨£¡C ¤T¡B§íÅ𾯠ªñ¦~¨Ó¦UºØ§íÅ𾯳QÀ³¥Î©ó¹}³¤¤¡A¥Î¥H±±¨îÅðµß¥Íªø¤Î¨¾¤îÅðµß¬r¯À¤§§Î¦¨¡CStewart et al. (1977)¹êÅç«ü¥X¤þ»Ä¤ÎÀsÁxµµ(gentian violet)¡A¨ã¦³©µ¿ð¶ÀÄT¬r¯ÀB1²£¥Í¤ÎA. parasiticusªÞM¥Í¦¨¤§§@¥Î(Hall and Hamiltion, 1981)¡A¥B¥H¤þ»Ä¤§¨îÅð®ÄªGÀu©ó¤þ»Ä¶t(Paster, 1979)¡C¹}®Æ©ó¬Û¹ïÀã«×75¡ã95¢HÀô¹Ò®É¡A¶Jܤ¤¼ö¥Dn¥ÑÅðµß©Ò²£¥Í¡A¦ý·í¬Û¹ïÀã«×¹F95¢H¥H¤W®É¡A¥D¥Ñ²Óµß²£¥Í¼ö¡C¦]¦¹¡A¹Eµo®i¥X¥HCO2´ú©wȨӶ¡±µµû¦ôÅðµß¬¡©Ê(Dixon and Hamilton, 1981c)¡CDixon and Hamilton (1981a)¬ã¨sµo²{¹}®Æ¦¨¤À¥i¼vÅT¤þ»Ä¤§§ÜÅð§@¥Î¡A¨ä¤¤¥H¯×ªÕ¥i§U¨ä¤À´²¦³¨ó¦P§@¥Î¡C¦ý³J¥Õ½èì®Æ»P¤þ»Ä«h¨ã«ú§Ü§@¥Î¡A¦]³J¥Õ½è¾Ö¦³¨}¦nªº»Ä½w½Ä¯à¤O¡CDixon and Hamilton (1981b)§ó¤@¨B«ü¥X¡A§íÅ𾯦b°ò½è¤§¤À´²«×¤Î¬ï³z°ò½è¤§¯à¤O¬°¨M©w§íÅð§@¥Îªº«n¦]¯À¡C ¹}®Æ«¬ºA¡A¦p¡G¯»®Æ¡B²Éª¬®Æ¹ï§íÅ𾯥禳©Ò¼vÅT¡A¥´²É«á¹}®Æ¤¤Åðµß¸s¼Æ´î¤Ö¡A¦ý¤þ»Ä¶t¤§§íÅð§@¥Î¦b¯»®Æ¤¤¸û²Éª¬®Æ¤¤¬°¨Î(Paster et al., 1985¡FTabib et al., 1984)¡CBartov (1983)¸ÕÅçµ²ªG«ü¥X§tµoÅð¥É¦Ì¤§¤é³Àç¾i»ùÈ¡A¥iÂǥѤj¨§ªo¤Î0.3¢H¤þ»Ä¤§²K¥[¦Ó«ì´_¡C§dµ¥(1982)²K¥[¤þ»Ä¡B¤B»Ä©M¨Å»Ä©ó¥J½Þ¤é³¡A±´°Q¨ä¹ï¹}®Æ¶JÂéÊÅðÅܤι}®Æ·L¥Íª««~½è¤§¼vÅT¡Cµo²{¥H¤þ»Ä®ÄªG³Ì¨Î¡C¥i¦³®Ä§í¨îÅðµß¤Î¤j¸z±ìµß¸s¼W´Þ¹F72¤p®É¡A¦³®Äºû«ù¹}®Æ«~½è¡C¤@¯ë¹}®Æ¼t®a¸û¤ÖÀ³¥Î¤þ»Ä¡A¨ä§e²GºA¡F¨ý¯ä¦Ó·¥¨ã»G»k©Ê¡F¤£¶È¹ï¾Þ§@¤Hû·¥¨ã¦MÀI©Ê¥B¹ï©óÅÍ©Õ¾÷¤º¾À¤§ª÷Äݳy¦¨¯}Ãa¡C¬G¤j¦h¨Ï¥Î¸g½á§Î¾¯½á§Î«áªº¤þ»Ä¶t¡C¦¹¥~¡AÀ³¥Î¤W¥ç¤Ö¨Ï¥Î³æ¤@ºØ»ÄÃþ¡F¦Ó¨Ï¥Î²V¦X»Ä¡C¦p¤þ»Ä¡B¾L»Ä¡B¤B»Ä¡B¨Å»Ä¤Î²M²D¯ù»Ä(Sorbic acid)µ¥¡A¦p¦¹¥i´£¨Ñ¦UºØ»Ä¶¡§íÅ𤧨ó¦P®ÄÀ³¡C ªñ¨Ó¬Û·í¼öªùªº¥J½Þ»Ä¤Æ¹}®Æ¨Ï¥Î¤§»Ä¦p¡G©µJ¯Á»Ä(fumaric acid)¡A°£¥i°§C¥J½ÞG¤º¤§pHÈ¥~¥B¥iP¬¡G¤ºG³J¥ÕúA¡A¦ü¦³±N¤§µø¬°§íÅ𾯤§¥\®Ä¡A¦¹¥~¦³¾÷»Ä¤À¸Ñ«á¤§ºÒÁä¥ç¥i¸g¥Ñ½Þ°¦Å餺¤§¤¤¶¡¥NÁ²£¥Í¯à¶q¡A¥i¿×¤@Á|¼Æ±o¡C ¥|¡B§lªþ¾¯ §íÅð¾¯Áö¥i¨¾¤îÅðµß¤§¥Íªø¨Ã§í¨î¨ä²£¥ÍÅðµß¬r¯À¡F¦ý¹ï¤v¦s¦b©ó½\ª«©Î¹}®Æ¤¤¤§Åðµß¬r¯À¡A§íÅ𾯹ï¨ä«h²@µL¥\®Ä¡C©ó¬O§lªþ¾¯¤DÀ³¹B¦Ó¥Í¡C§lªþ¾¯¤D§Q¥Î¨ä¦b¸z¹D¤¤¥i¿ï¾Ü©Êªº§lªþÅðµß¬r¯À¤§¯S©Ê¡A´î¤Ö¬r¯À¬°°Êª«Åé©Ò§l¦¬¡CPhilips et al. (1988)À³¥ÎÅé¥~¸ÕÅç(in vitro)µû¦ô©úÄs(aluminas)¡Bª¿»Ä(silicas)©M¾T»ÄÆQ(HSCAS)µ¥§lªþ¾¯¹ï¶ÀÄT¬r¯ÀB1ªº§lªþ®ÄªG¡A¨ä¤¤¥HHSCAS¥i»P¶ÀÄT¬r¯ÀB1§Î¦¨Ã©wµ²¦Xª«ªº§lªþ®ÄªG³Ì¨Î¡F¥ÍÅ餺¸ÕÅç¥çÅã¥Ü0.5¢HHSCAS¥i¨¾¤î7.5PPM¶ÀÄT¬r¯ÀB1¹ï²£³JÂû¤§¦M®`(¹Ï¤G)¡CKubena et al. (1990a, 1991)¸ÕÅç¤À§O«ü¥XHSCAS¥i°§C¶ÀÄT¬r¯ÀB1¹ï¥Õ¦×Âû»P¤õÂûÂú¤§¥Íªø§í¨î§@¥Î»P¦º¤`²v¡A¦ý¬¡©ÊºÒ«hµL¦¹®ÄªG¡C
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HSCAS (hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate)¡A¦¹¤Æ¦Xª«¦b¬ü°êµù¥U¬°¹}®Æ§Üµ²¶ô¾¯(anticaking)¡CHarvey et al. (1989)«ü¥X²K¥[¥Î¶q¥H2¢H¬°³Ì°ª¶q¡A0.5¢HHSCASªº²K¥[¡A¥i§K°£3ppm¶ÀÄT¬r¯À³y¦¨ªº½Þ°¦¨xŦ¯fÅÜ(¨xŦ¯×ªÕ®û¼í¤ÎÁx¤pºÞ¼W¥Í)¡C¥i¯à«Y¦]HSCAS¥i°§C¶ÀÄT¬r¯À¤§¥Íª«¥i§Q¥Î©Ê(bioavailability)©ÒP¡A¦ýHSCAS¤§§lªþ®ÄªG¶È¤î©ó¶ÀÄT¬r¯À¡A¹ïT-2 toxin«hµL®Ä(Kubena et al., 1990b)¡CHSCAS¤Æ¦Xª«¡A¦]¥»¨±at¹q²ü¡A¬G¥i¥H§l¤Þ¹ï¥¿¹q²ü©Î¶§Â÷¤l¤Æ¦Xª«¡A½Ñ¦p¡GÄqª«½è¡C¦]¦¹HSCAS¬O§_·|§lªþ¬r¯À¤§¦P®É¡F¥ç§lªþ°Êª«Åé©Ò¶·¤§ºû¥Í¯À©ÎÄqª«½èµ¥¥²¶·Àç¾i¤À¡CChung and Baker (1990a)«üºÙHSCAS¤£·|¤zÂZÁCªº§Q¥Î¡A¥B¸ÕÅç¤]«ü¥X0.5¢H©Î1.0¢HHSCAS¨Ã¤£·|¼vÅT°Êª«Åé¹ïMn¡Bºû¥Í¯ÀA¤ÎB2ªº§Q¥Î©Ê¡A¦ý¹ï©óZnªº§Q¥Î²v«h¸û®t¡C ¤¡B¶ÀÄT¬r¯À°¸Ñ¥i¦æ¤§¤èªk ¶ÀÄT¬r¯À¦]¨ã±j¯P¤§¨x¬r©Ê(hepatoxin)¤ÎPÀù©Ê¡A¹ï¤H¯b°·±d¤Wªº¦M®`¦Ü¹d¡CHamilton (1978)´¿«ü¥X¤é³¤¤Y§t¦³60ppb¤§¶ÀÄT¬r¯ÀB1¡F¦b²{³õ¤§¹}¾i±ø¥ó¤U¡A§Y¥i¯à³y¦¨¹ï°Êª«Å餧¥Í²£©Ê¯à«¤jªº¸gÀÙ·l¥¢¡F ¦¹«D¦M¨¥ÁqÅ¥¡A¦]¦b²{³õ¤§ÅÜ°ÊÀô¹Ò±ø¥ó¦³§O©ó¹êÅç«Ç©Ò¶i¦æ¤§¶ÀÄT¬r¯À¬r®`¸ÕÅç¡F¦]«áªÌ¥i¯à¶·°ª¹F10¿¥H¤W¤§¶q¤è¥i¨£¨ìÅãµÛ¤§¥Íªø©Ê¯à°§C¡C¦Ó²{³õ¡A¦]¦UºØºò¢©Ò¥[½Ñ°Êª«¡F¦p±K¹}¡BÀô¹Ò®ðÔ¬ðÅÜ¡B¹w¨¾ª`®g¡C§¡·|°§C°Êª«¤§©è§Ü¤O¡A¦A¦³¯fìµß¦s¦b¤U¡AÃzµo¯e¯f±¡§Î§Y¤j¬°¼W¥[¡C °¸Ñ¶ÀÄT¬r¯À¤§¤åÄm³ø§i»á¦h¡A¨ä©Î¦h©Î¤Ö¥i¯}Ãa¹}®Æ©Î´ßª«¤¤¤§¶ÀÄT¬r¯À¡A¦ý¹ê»Ú¦b°Ó·~¤Æ¥i¦æ¤§ªk«h¤£¦h¡A»\¦]¦Ò¼{¦¨¥»¤Î¬O§_¾ÉP³B²z«á¤§Àç¾i»ùȯ}Ãa¡A¶Ý¤f©Ê°§C©Î®ð¨ý¡B¦â¿A¤W¤§§ïÅܼvÅT°Ó«~»ùÈ¡CÁ`¬A¦Ó¨¥¡A¶ÀÄT¬r¯À¤§°¸Ñªk¦³(1)ª«²zªk¡G¦p§Q¥Î£\¡Ð®g½u¡B¥[¼ö³B²z¡Auv·Ó®gµ¥(¹Ï¤T)¡C(2)¤Æ¾Çªk¡G¦p´â¤ÆßÓ¾¯¡B´â¤Æ³B²z¡B®ñ¤Æ¾¯¤Î»ÄÆP³B²zµ¥(¹Ï¤T)¡C(3)¨Ï¥ÎÅðµß¥»¨©Ò²£¥Í¤§Peroxidase¤ÎMyeloperoxidase¦Ó¯}Ãa¬r¯À©Î§Q¥Î«D²£¬r«~¨t¤§¥Íª«©ÊÄvª§¡C |
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