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Table 1. The experimental design of cytotoxic effect of aflatoxin B1 on duck lymphocytes by MTT assays

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Table 2.  The experimental design of cytotoxic effect of aflatoxin B1 on duck lymphocytes and protective activity of £]-carotene by MTT assays

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        ¥ÍÅé¥~¸ÕÅç¡A·í²K¥[BC¿@«×¬°10-8M¹ï¹«µÊŦ²O¤Ú²Ó­M¼W´ÞµL¼vÅT¡A²K¥[BC10-5M§í¨î¤û¶gÃä¦å²G²O¤Ú²Ó­M¤§¼W´Þ§@¥Î(Tjoelker et al., 1988)¡A¦¹¤@µ²ªG»P¥»¸ÕÅçµ²ªG¬Û¥h¬Æ»·¡A¨ä­ì¦]¥i¯à¬°¤£«Å«~ºØ°Êª«¹ïBCÄá¨úµ{«×®t²§¤Îfree radical¦s¦b»P§_®É³y¦¨¤§¼vÅT¡C¦¹¤@±À½×°ò¦¥i¥ÑLawlor and O'brien (1995)À³¥Îparaquat 0.25 mM³B²zÂû­FÅÖºû¥À²Ó­M(chicken embryo fibroblast, CEF)18¤p®É¡A³y¦¨¨ä®ñ¤Æ©Êºò­¢¡A·í0.1£gM BC²K¥[®É¡Asuperoxide dimutase¤Îglutathione peroxidase (GSH-px)¬¡©Ê¦^´_¦Ü»P¹ï·Ó²Õ¬Û¦P¤ô·Ç¡A¥B­°§Ccatalase¬¡©Ê¡C·í10£gM BC²K¥[®Ésuperoxide dimutase¤ÎcatalaseÅãµÛ¤É°ª¥BGSH-px¬¡©Ê­°§C¦Ü»P¹ï·Ó²Õ¬Û·í¡CÅã¥ÜBC¦³®Ä«OÅ@CEF¹ï§Üparaquat»¤µo¤§®ñ¤Æ©Êºò­¢¡C

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        ¾G¥Ã²»¡BÃe­¸¡C1995¡C¶ÀÄT¬r¯À¢Ð1¹ïÀn²O¤Ú²Ó­MÂ૬§@¥Î¤§¼vÅT¡C¤¤µØ¹A¾Ç·|³ø170:147~155¡C

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        Chew, B. P., T. S. Wong and J. J. Michal. 1993b. Uptake of orally administered £]-carotene by blood plasma, leukocytes, and lipoproteins in calves. J. Anim. Sci. 71: 730~739.

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The Cytotoxic Effect of Aflatoxin B1 on Duck Lymphocytes and the Protective Effect of £]-Carotene

Yeong-Hsiang Cheng(1) and Victor-Fei Pang(2)

Received Oct. 26, 1995; Accepted Jan. 29, 1996

ABSTRACT

        The purpose of this experiment was to determine duck peripheral blood lymphocyte proliferation by a MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. This assay was also used to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on duck lymphocyte and the protective effect of £]-carotene (BC).

        Trial 1: Three mitogens were examined and the results showed that phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) had the best proliferation response, pokeweed mitogen (PWM) intermediate, and Concanavalin A (Con A) the least. Using best-fit regression, the best mitogen concentrations for proliferation response were PHA, 23.68 £gg¡þml¡FCon A, 34.48£gg¡þml and PWM, 23.57 £gg¡þml, respectively.

        Trial 2: The proliferation response of lymphocyte number by a MTT assay showed a quadratic fashion. When cell numbers were raised from 1¡Ñ104 to 1¡Ñ107 cell¡þml, the OD values were also increased. However, the OD values tended to decrease when cell numbers were increased to 1¡Ñ108 cell¡þml.

        Trial 3:The results showed that AFB1 treatment from high dose (1¡Ñ104 ng¡þml) to low dose (1¡Ñ101 ng¡þml) had OD values significantly lower (P¡Õ0.05) than PHA treatment alone. But, there was no inhibitory effect when AFB1 Aat an extremly low dose (1¡Ñ10-2 ng¡þml) was introduced. High dose of AFB1 which was metabolized by microsome inhibited lymphocyte proliferation to a greater extent than AFB1 which was without microsome metabolization. There was no significant inhibition at low dose (1¡Ñ101,1¡Ñ10-2 ng¡þml) treatments.

        Trial 4: The results showed that when high BC level (0.1£gM) was added, OD values of lymphocyte proliferation were higher (P¡Õ0.05) than medium control. Treatment of AFB1 alone had higher (P¡Õ0.05) proliferation than AFB1 metabolized by microsome. There was no improvement on lymphocyte proliferation when medium and low levels of BC (0.05, 0.025 £gM) were added to culture system of AFB1 metabolized by microsome. However, when high level of BC was added to the same culture system, the proliferation was higher (P¡Õ0.05) than medium and low levels of BC and the improvement was the same as PHA control group.

        This experiment revealed that high dose of AFB1 metabolized by microsome had an intensified effect on inhibition of duck lymphocyte proliferation. However, high levels of BC could alleviate this detrimental effect on duck lymphocyte. (Key Words: Duck, Aflatoxin B1, Lymphocyte, £]-Carotene)

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(1)Department of Animal Science, National 1-Lan Institute of Agriculture and Technology, I-Lan, Taiwan, R.O.C.

(2)Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.




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