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        §ZÁC¯×(phosphatidylcholine)¡A¬O¤@ºØµw¯×»Ä¡B´ÄÃq»Ä¤Îªo»Äµ¥ªºÂù»Ä¥Ìªo୤ƦXª«¡AÂÇÁC»Ä°ò»PÁxÆPµ²¦X¦¨à­Ãþ(Windholz, 1983)¡C®Ú¾Ú¤À¤lµ²ºc¤Î©x¯à°ò²ü¹q¯S©Ê¡A½Ñ¦h¦³¾÷·»´C¤ÎºÞ¬W¼hªR§÷½è³QÀ|¸Õ¥Î¥H¤ÀÂ÷¤Î¯Â¤Æ§ZÁC¯×¡F¥­§À(1981)§Q¥Î°ª·Å¼õ·Ò¡A¸g¹LÂo¥h°£Âø½è¨Ã¥H¾ý¯»½á§Î¡A¥­§¡¨C­ÓÂû³J§Z¶À·Ò±o¬ù4.5gªºÁC¯×¡Fªø¨¦¤t(1984)«hÂǦ³¾÷·»´CµÑ±oÁC¯×§t¶q¬ù70¢Hªº§Z¶Àªo¡FSingleton et al., (1964)§Q¥Î¤T®ñ¤Æ¤G¾T(alumina)¤Îª¿»Ä(silic acid)¬°§lªþ¾¯(adsorbent)¦æºÞ¬W¼hªR¡A¶i¤@¨B¯Â¤Æ§ZÁC¯×¡C¥»¸ÕÅ禮¦b²Õ¦X«e¤Hªº¤èªk¡AÅçÃÒ¨äÀ³¥Î»ù­È¡C

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        (2)¤Æ¾Ç¸Õ¾¯¡G¤þଡB¥¿¤wÖJ¢wªL¯Â¡A¤é¥»¡F¤A¾J¢w¤½½æ§½¡A¥xÆW¡F¥ÛªoîÅ¡B¤T®ñ¤Æ¤G¾T¡B´â¥é¡B¥Ò¾J¡B¤G¤A°òîÅ¡B¸K¡BNinhydrin¡BDragendorff¡B¤G¤A°òºÒ»ÄÆQ¡Bª¿½¦¡B·Í¤Æ¹[¦X¦¨¥ú¾Ç´¹Åé¢wMerck¡A¼w°ê¡F§ZÁC¯×(µÑ¦Û¥ÍÂAÂû³J§Z¶À)¢wSigma¡A¬ü°ê¡Fª÷Äݶu¢wRiedel~De Haen AG¡A¼w°ê¡C

        ¢º¡B¤èªk

        (1)Âû³J¤@¯ë¤Æ¾Ç²Õ¦¨¤ÀªR¡G¨ÌA.O.A.C.(1990)¤èªk¡C

        (2)²Ê§ZÁC¯×µÑ»s¡G¤À§O¥H¥ÍÂA§Z¶À¡B§Z¶Àªo¡B§N­á§Z¶À¡BµN¼ô§Z¶À¤ÎÄЧZ¶Àµ¥­ì®Æ¡A­×¹¢Singleton et al.(1965)¤§¤èªk¡A¤ÏÂЧQ¥Î¤þନI¾ý¡A¤A¾J¤Î¥ÛªoîŵѨú¡A¸g´îÀ£°j±Û¿@ÁY«á§NÂóƥΡC

        (3)²Ê§ZÁC¯×¤§¤T®ñ¤Æ¤G¾TºÞ¬W¼hªR(Singleton, 1965¡AHaftmann, 1975)¡G

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        ²Ê§ZÁC¯×§lµÛ·»¬~©w¶q¦¬¶°     ÂÇ´â¥é±N¸Õ¼Ë·»¤J¨Ã§lµÛ©ó½¦²Éªí­±·»¬~²G¡A´â¥é¡G¥Ò¾J¡×9¡G1(V¡þV)¢X

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        1. »ö¾¹¡GHitachi Model 663~50GC(¤é¥»)¡F¥HFID¬°ÀË´ú¾¹¡C

        2. ºÞ¬W¡GOV-11¡A3mªø¡B3mm¤º®|¡C

        3. ±a°Ê®ðÅé¡GHe¡C

        4. ·Å«×¡Gª`¤J¤f225¢J¡Fª@·Å±ø¥ó¡A60¢J«O«ù2¤ÀÄÁ¡AÄ~¤§¥H4¢J¡þmin³t«×ª@¦Ü120¢J¨Ã«O«ù1¤ÀÄÁ¡AµM«á¥H5¢J¡þmin³t«×ª@¦Ü220¢J«O«ù300¤ÀÄÁ¡C

        5. ¸Õ¼Ë«e³B²z¡G¨ÌGlass et al.(1965)¤§¤èªk¡A±N¸Õ¼Ë¤§¯×ªÕ»Ä¤A୤ƫá¨ú5£glª`¤JGC¡C

        (5)¤T®ñ¤Æ¤G¾TºÞ¬W¼hªR¦U¥÷¤Æ¤§Á¡¼h¤ÀªR(Singleton, 1965)¡G¨ú·»©ó´â¥é¤§¸ÕÅç·»²G5£gl¡AÂIª`©óª¿½¦ªO¤W¡A¤À§O¸g´â¥é¡G¥Ò¾J¡G¤ô¡×325¡G125¡G20(V¡þV¡þV)¤Î¥ÛªoîÅ¡G¤G¤A°òîÅ¡×450¡G50(V¡þV)®i¶}¦U3¤p®É¡AµM«á¥H1¢H¤§¸K¡A¹ç®ü¯SªL(Ninydrin)¤Î¬ð©Ô®Ú¹D¤Ò(Dragendorff)²G¬V¦â¡C

        (6)¬õ¥~½u¥úÃФÀªR¡GÂǬõ¥~½u¥úÃлö(IR 260-50¡FHitachi¡A¤é¥»)´ú©w¡F¨ú°®Àê¸Õ¼Ë0.5mg¥[¤J200mg·Í¤Æ¹[¡A¬ã¿i«á¥H500Kg¡þcm2À£¤O¥´¤ù«á¦æIR±½ºË¡C

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        ªí1Åã¥Ü¡A¨Ó¯èÂû³J§Z¶À¡B¥Õ¤§©T§Îª«¤À§O¬ù¬°48¤Î11¢H¡A»PªL(1983)©Ò¸üµL¬Æ®t²§¡A¨ä¤¤§Z¶À¤§²Ê¯×ªÕ§t¶q29.0¢H¡A¦û¥þ³J¯×ªÕ¤§99.5¢H¡A¦pÀÀ§Q¥Î³J¤¤¯×½è¦¨¤À¡A§Z¥Õ´X¥i©¿²¤¡C

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Samples Moisture Crude protein Crude fat Ash
¡@ ¢H
Yolk

White

49.81±1.16

88.38±0.87

16.64±0.66

10.06±0.83

29.06±2.20

0.12±0.02

1.77±0.11

0.64±0.12

        ¢º¡B§Z¶À¤¤²Ê§ZÁC¯×¤§µÑ»s

        ¦b§Z¶À¬ù30¢H¯×½è¤¤¡A62.3¢H¬°¤T»Ä¥Ìªoà­¡A32.8¢HÁC¯×½è¤Î4.9¢H©T¾JÃþ¡A¦ÓÁC¯×½è¤S¤À§O¥Ñ§ZÁC¯×(70¢H)¡B¸£ÁC¯×(25¢H)¤Î¯«¸gÁC¯×(2.3¢H)©Ò²Õ¦¨(ªL¡A1983)¡A¬O¥H²z½×¤W§ZÁC¯×¬ù¦û¥ÍÂA§Z¶Àªº6.8¢H¡A¬°Â×´Iªº§ZÁC¯×¨Ó·½¡Cªí2Åã¥Ü¡A¦Û¤£¦P³B²z¤è¦¡ªºÂû§Z¶ÀµÑ¥X²Ê§ZÁC¯×¦¬²v¡AÁö¥H¤ôµN§Z¶Àªº4.55¢H³Ì°ª¡A¦ý¥ÍÂA¡B§N­á¡BÄЧZ¶À¦U²Õ¥ç¦b4.11¢H¥H¤W¡A¥i¨£³o¥|ºØ­ì®Æ³B²z¹ï²Ê§ZÁC¯×µÑ¥X²v¼vÅT¤£¤j¡FµM¦Ó¡A¥¼¯à¦Û§Z¶ÀªoµÑ±o²Ê§ZÁC¯×¡AÅã¥Ü§Z¶ÀªoµÑ¨ú¥Îªº¥¿¤wÖJ¨Ã¥¼±N§ZÁC¯×¦P®É·»¥X¡F¥Ñ©ó§ZÁC¯×¶È·L·»©ó­f(Windholz, 1983)¡A¦Ó¥¿¤wÖJ«D·¥©Ê»P­f¬Ûªñ(Lehniger, 1982)¡A©Ò¥H§ZÁC¯×¥¼¯àÀH§Z¶ÀªoµÑ¥X¡C

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Treatments Wt of crude phosphatide(g) Yield of crude phosphatide(¢H)*
Fresh

Yolk oil

Lyophilized

Cooked

Salted

22.37±3.25

none

21.50±4.93

22.82±3.07

20.93±5.47

4.46±0.64

none

4.30±0.56

4.55±0.89

4.11±0.98

*Yied¢H¡×(wt of crude phosphatide¡þwt of raw yolk)¡Ñ100

**Applied sample¡G500 g¡þbatch

       ¢»¡B²Ê§ZÁC¯×¤§¤T®ñ¤Æ¤G¾TºÞ¬W¼hªR

        §ZÁC¯×¤À¤l¤W¤§ÖJ°ò¡BÁC»Ä°ò¤ÎÁxÆP¬O¨M©w¨ä¤Æ¾Ç¥\¯à©Ê¦]¤l(Windholz, 1983)¡A¦ÓÁC»Ä°ò»PÁxÆPªº¦s²{¡A¥i¯à¨Ï§ZÁC¯×©ö§lªþ©ó¤T®ñ¤Æ¤G¾T(Heftmann, 1975)¡C²Ê§ZÁC¯×©ó¤T®ñ¤Æ¤G¾TºÞ¬W¼hªR¥÷¤Æ(ªí3)¡A¨Ì·»¥X²G¦â¿A¤Î²M¿B«×¡A­p¦¬¶°11­Ó¥÷¤Æ¡A¨C¤@¥÷¤Æ°t¦XÁ¡¼h¤ÀªR°µ¦¨¤Àªì¨BŲ©w¡A±o±x¥Ñ²Ä2¦Ü11¥÷¤Æ§¡¦³§ZÁC¯×³Q·»¬~¥X¨Ó¡A¨ä¤¤2¡B3¡B4¤T­Ó¥÷¤ÆÅãµÛ¸û¨ã¦P½è©Ê(homogeneous)¡A¥B¬V¦â®É§eDragendorff¶§©Ê¡A¨ä¼hªR¥÷¤Æ¦¬²v(chromatographed fraction yield)¦X­p45¢H¡AÁ`¥÷¤Æ¦¬²v(overall yield of fraction)¬°1.99¢H¡C¦¹¯Â¤Æ§ZÁC¯×¥~Æ[§e²H¶À¦â¡A¤@¦pWindholz(1983)©Ò­z¡C²Ä5¦Ü11¥÷¤Æ¤´§t¦³§ZÁC¯×¡A¦ý«D¦P½è©Ê(non-homogeneous)¼W¥[¡A¥i¯à¥t§t¤¤©Ê¯×½è¡BLysophosphatide¤Î¨ä¥LÁC¯×½è¦¨¤À¡C

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Fraction Fraction volume(ml) Appearance Fraction wt(g) Chromatographedc fraction yield(¢H) Overalld yield of fraction(¢H)
1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

324±57

270±40

14±1

14±1

14±2

361±28

33±4

132±3

18±2

133±19

198±16

clear, colorless

hazy, yellowish

cloudy,yellowish

hazy,yellowish

clear,colorless

clear,colorless

cloudy,yellowish

hazy,yellowish

cloudy,yellowish

hazy,yellowish

cloudy,yellowish

0.38

4.08

4.01

3.04

5.39

1.92

1.99

0.38

0.21

0.91

0.91

1.52

16.32

16.04

12.16

21.56

7.68

7.96

1.52

0.84

3.46

3.46

0.07

0.73

0.72

0.54

0.96

0.34

0.35

0.07

0.04

0.16

0.16

a. Conditions¡Gcolumn size 4cm¡Ñ87cm, eluent chloroform¡Gmethanol 19¡G1, applied sample 25g¡þbatch

b. Data in the table represent means of 3 replicates.

c. Yield based on wt of crude phosphatidesapplied to column.

d. Yield based on starting wt of yolk.

        ¢¼¡B§ZÁC¯×¤§¯×ªÕ»Ä²Õ¦¨

        ¦P¯×©Ê§ZÁC¯×ÂÇGC´ú©w¨ä¯×ªÕ»Ä¡A¸Õ¼Ë§ZÁC¯×»P¼Ð·Ç«~¤§®ð¬Û¦â¼h¤ÀªR¹Ï¬Û¦ü¡AµM18C¥H¤W¯×ªÕ»Ä(¥D­n¬°µw¯×»Ä¡Bªo»Ä¤Î¨È³Â¤¯ªo»Ä)(Singleton et al., 1965)«h¥¼¯à¦¨¥\¤ÀÂ÷¡C±N¦Uªi®p¸g¿n¤À»ö­pºâ¨ä¤À§G¤ñ¨Ò¡A±o±x²Ê§ZÁC¯×»P¯Â¤Æ§ZÁC¯×¯×ªÕ»Ä²Õ¦¨¯S©Ê¤£¦P(ªí4)¡A´N¶q¦Ó¨¥¡A²Ê§ZÁC¯×¥H14¡G0(1.96)16¡G0(23.85¢H)¡B16¡G1(3.98¢H)¤Î18C¥H¤Wªº54.38¢H¬°¥D¡F¯Â¤Æ§ZÁC¯×¡AµL½×¸Õ¼Ë©Î¼Ð·Ç«~¡A«h¥H14¡G0¡B16¡G0¤Î18C¥H¤W¤TÃþ¯×ªÕ»Ä¬°¥D¡A¨ä¤¤16¡G0»P18C¥H¤W¦X­p§ó¹F81~83¢H¡A¥B¨âªÌ²Õ¦¨¤ñ¨Ò¬Û¦ü¡F¦¹¤@µ²ªG»PSingleton et al., (1965)©ÒÀòÂû³J§ZÁC¯×¯×ªÕ»Ä¤§16¡G0»P¡B37.7¢H¡B18C¥H¤W59.1¢H¡A¥ç¬Æ±µªñ¡AµM»P¤j¨§§ZÁC¯×(Windholz, 1983)¤§16¡G0¡B11.7¢H¡B16¡G1¡B8.6¢H¤Î18C¥H¤W78¢H¡A«h¦³ÅãµÛ®t²§¡C

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Samples 4¡G0 6¡G0 8¡G0 10¡G0 12¡G0 14¡G0 16¡G0 16¡G1 18¡G0,1,2
¢H
Yolk oil

¡@

Crude

lecithin

Purified

lecithin

Authentic

lecithin

0.10

±0.04

0.11

±0.01

0.13

±0.04

0.62

±0.11

0.35

±0.21

0.81

±0.15

0.44

±0.14

2.06

±0.62

0.12

±0.09

0.36

±0.16

0.12

±0.02

0.85

±0.14

0.11

±0.07

0.02

±0.01

0.23

±0.06

0.09

±0.03

0.03

±0.20

0.34

±0.02

0.12

±0.01

0.28

±0.07

0.75

±0.20

1.96

±0.69

2.71

±0.38

1.93

±0.51

30.12

±1.33

23.85

±0.23

32.62

±0.23

31.86

±0.36

0.24

±0.11

3.98

±3.32

0.40

±0.07

0.97

±0.10

65.75

±3.23

54.38

±8.23

51.27

±2.05

50.98

±2.45

        ¢½¡B§ZÁC¯×¤§IR¥úÃÐŲ©w

        ²Ä2¡B3¡B4¥÷¤Æ§ZÁC¯×¤§IR¹ÏÃСA¤j­P¦P©ó¼Ð·Ç«~ªÌ¡A¨ä¤¤ºÒ°ò(-CO-, 1715cm-1)¤ÎÓi°ò(-NH2, 1640cm-1)ªº¦s²{(Nakanishi, 1976, Silverstein, 1977)¡A§ó¬O½T»{§ZÁC¯×­«­n¦õÃÒ¡A»\¦¹¨â©x¯à°ò¬s¾F¦Ó²{¡A¥¿·N¨ý¸Õ¼Ë¤¤§t¦³ÁxÆP(Windholz 1983)¡C

        ºî¤W©Ò­z¡AÂǤþନI¾ý¡A¤A¾J¡B¥ÛªoîÅ·»¸Ñ¡A¬ù¥i¦ÛÂû§Z¶ÀµÑ±o4.3¢H²Ê§ZÁC¯×¡A²Ê§ZÁC¯×¸g¤T®ñ¤Æ¤G¾TºÞ¬W´â¥é¡G¥Ò¾J(9¡G1)·»¬~²G¼hªR¡A¥i¯Â¤Æ¥X°ª¦P½è©Ê§ZÁC¯×¬ù2¢H¡A¯Â¤Æ®Ä²v­È±o©w¡F¦pÀÀ¤u·~¤ÆÀ³¥Î¡AÀ³¤©¦^¦¬¦³¾÷·»´C¤è¦X¥G¸gÀٮįq¡C

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